diff --git a/crates/oxide_vm/src/object.rs b/crates/oxide_vm/src/object.rs
index 365992b..0a6762d 100644
--- a/crates/oxide_vm/src/object.rs
+++ b/crates/oxide_vm/src/object.rs
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ use crate::value::JsValue;
 
 pub type ShapeId = u32;
 
-pub const EMPTY_SHAPE_ID: ShapeId = 0;
-
 /// Layout:
 ///   header: u32 bits
 ///     [0:23]   shape_id
@@ -178,6 +176,7 @@ impl JsObject {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::shape::EMPTY_SHAPE_ID;
 
     #[test]
     fn object_size_64_bytes() {
diff --git a/crates/oxide_vm/src/vm.rs b/crates/oxide_vm/src/vm.rs
index a37dc79..32ec869 100644
--- a/crates/oxide_vm/src/vm.rs
+++ b/crates/oxide_vm/src/vm.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ use oxide_compiler::module::CompiledModule;
 use oxide_compiler::opcode::{self, OpCode};
 
 use crate::coercion;
+use crate::mem::Epoch;
+use crate::object::JsObject;
+use crate::shape::EMPTY_SHAPE_ID;
 use crate::value::JsValue;
 
 pub struct CallFrame {
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@ pub struct Vm {
     frames: Vec<CallFrame>,
     string_table: HashMap<String, u32>,
     string_reverse: Vec<String>,
+    pub epoch: Epoch,
 }
 
 impl Vm {
@@ -33,6 +37,7 @@ impl Vm {
             frames: Vec::with_capacity(128),
             string_table: HashMap::with_capacity(64),
             string_reverse: Vec::with_capacity(64),
+            epoch: Epoch::new(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -244,6 +249,34 @@ impl Vm {
                     }
                 }
 
+                OpCode::NEW_OBJECT => {
+                    let obj = self
+                        .epoch
+                        .alloc(JsObject::new_empty(EMPTY_SHAPE_ID, JsValue::null()));
+                    self.regs[rd] = JsValue::object(obj as *mut u8);
+                }
+
+                OpCode::NEW_ARRAY => {
+                    let n = opcode::imm16(instr) as usize;
+                    let obj =
+                        self.epoch
+                            .alloc(JsObject::new_array(EMPTY_SHAPE_ID, JsValue::null(), n));
+                    self.regs[rd] = JsValue::object(obj as *mut u8);
+                }
+
+                OpCode::SET_ELEM => {
+                    let obj_ptr = self.regs[rd].as_object_ptr() as *mut JsObject;
+                    if obj_ptr.is_null() {
+                        return Err("SET_ELEM on non-object".into());
+                    }
+                    let idx = self.regs[a].as_int() as usize;
+                    let obj = unsafe { &mut *obj_ptr };
+                    obj.set_prop(idx as u8, self.regs[b]);
+                    if idx as u8 >= obj.prop_count() {
+                        obj.set_prop_count(idx as u8 + 1);
+                    }
+                }
+
                 _ => {
                     if !op.is_implemented() {
                         return Ok(JsValue::undefined());